Americas Foreign Aid Policy Essay - 5410 Words

Its Time for Americas Foreign Aid Policy to Follow Thomas Malthus’ Prescriptions During the late 1700s, Adam Smith and Thomas Malthus each entered their predictions on the future of the world’s economies into the history books. In his writings in An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, Smith theorized that national economies could be continuously improved by means of the division of labor, efficient production of goods, and international trade. In An Essay on the Principle of Population, Thomas Malthus predicted that the sustainable production of food in relation to population was vital to the mere existence of national economies in order to ensure an able labor force. Smith believed that the success or†¦show more content†¦The outcome of these attempts to bolster development will then be investigated, and finally the writings of Thomas Malthus will be used to provide insight into developing policy prescriptions. Adam Smith, U.S. Foreign Aid Advisor The wealth of a neighboring nation, though dangerous in war and politicks, is certainly advantageous in trade. In a state of hostility it may enable our enemies to maintain fleets and armies superior to our own; but in a state of peace and commerce it must likewise enable them to exchange with us to a greater value, and to afford a better market, either for the immediate produce of our own industry, or for whatever is purchased with that produce. As a rich man is likely to be a better customer to the industrious people in his neighborhood, than a poor, so is likewise a rich nation (Smith, 1776: 494). Throughout The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith contends that in order for a nation to increase its own national wealth, it must engage in trade with its neighbors. As explained in the quote above, wealthy neighboring nations are largely preferred over poorer ones in order to maximize the advantages gained through international exchange. The more money an individual nation has, the more capable they will be of purchasing your goods, and in this way increasing your national wealth. With this wealth, you will beShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent Was Marshall Aid Merely a Policy of American Self Interest843 Words   |  4 PagesThe American policy of Marshall Aid sparked both huge appraisal and significant opposition, and to this day it is debated whether it was purely a policy of self-interest and an imposition of America’s political and economic views on a weak and vulnerable Europe, or alternatively one of the greatest acts of altruism and generosity in modern history. It was enormo usly successful, ‘It was the most unambiguously and triumphantly successful of all America’s post-war policies’ , and helped to create aRead MoreAmerican Foreign Policy And Foreign Aid1366 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Foreign Policy and Foreign Aid America tends to involved herself in many other countries affairs. This creates large amounts of national debt, war, and in some cases enemies. I believe that the American government should leave other counties alone until they decrease nation debt, decrease unemployment rate, and end our current complications with other countries. For those of you who do not know what foreign policy is, it is the way that America’s government interacts with other countriesRead MoreEssay on The Benefits of Foreign Aid1625 Words   |  7 Pagesmisperception concerning how much of the federal budget is actually set aside for foreign assistance programs. Only one-half of one percent is actually allocated and spent through the agency, stated J. Brian Atwood, head of USAID, at the International Development Conference on January 1995. In addition, U.S. Foreign Assistance levels are at their lowest levels in over 50 years (Ten Questions Commonly Asked About U.S. Foreign Assistance Programs, March 6, 1995). 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The United States of America as a nation has went through a very corrupt and disastrous history. However, numerous foreign countries believe most of our turbulent times were co nsequences from our own actions. Mostly dealing with the inconsistent foreign policies set in place by America. What has led to this vague perception of Anti-Americanism? The United States of America proclaims itself to be a very giving and helpful nation. ManyRead MoreUs Foreign Policy Essay865 Words   |  4 PagesWhy is US foreign policy pulled to extreme of either doing too much or nothing at all? The inability of U.S. foreign policy to stay effective is because America has committed itself to supporting alliances that have not proven to be mutually beneficial. Foreign assistance, which is supposed to improve the well-being of recipient countries, goes directly to small coalitions. 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Trumps conception of foreign policy in Syria was clear: the era of America as international watchdog, intervening to set wrong aright abroad, was over; it is fruitless to waste time with regime change and nation-building, when America can just take the oil, â€Å"bomb the shit out of† the bad guys, and be done with it. â€Å"The nation-state,† Trump declared, â€Å"remains the true foundation for happiness and harmony.† Trumps initial understanding of foreign policy regarding Syria, therefore, is best

Adult Gerontology Primary Care Provider Msn / 866

Running head: DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE TWO/CASE # 2293-20141015-002 Darlene Collins Beck Adult Gerontology Primary Care Provider MSN/866 Concordia University Wisconsin October 19, 2014 SUBJECTIVE: Chief complaint: Follow up on Diabetes History of present illness: 50 year old African American female presents to the clinic today to follow up on her Diabetes. Patient diagnosed with Diabetes in 2000. Last Diabetes checkup three months ago. Patient reports that she takes all of her medications as prescribed. Patient is currently on metformin and Lipitor. Patient denies any episodes of hypoglycemia. Patient denies experiencing symptoms of polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. Patient reports that she has been checking her†¦show more content†¦Patient is due for her influenza and pneumococcal vaccine. Patient educated on both vaccines especially the pneumococcal vaccine in regards to her having a chronic condition Diabetes. Patient also given literature, patient at this time declines for personal reasons. Patient cervical cancer screening is not due until 12/6/2015. Patient also due for breast cancer screening, order written, patient will call to set up appointment. Patient up to date on tetanus, next vaccination is 1/1/2016 Review of systems: General: Patient denies fever, chills, malaise, weight loss or weight gain, denies changes in appetite. Skin: denies blisters, rashes, wounds. Eyes, ears, mouth: Patient denies difficulty with vision or double vision. Denies any eye pain, inflammation, discharge, denies history of glaucoma or cataracts, denies hearing loss or trouble hearing, denies sore throat, dry mouth, bleeding gums. Reports regular dental visits. Neck: denies stiffness and pain Cardiovascular: denies chest pain, palpitations or history of known murmurs Lungs: denies shortness of breath, or cough or wheezing GI: denies nausea and vomiting, changes in appetite, constipation and diarrhea Genito-urinary: Denies urgency, frequency, hematuria. nocturia, hesitancy, or straining. Musculoskeletal: Denies myalgia, stiffness and problems with joints. Peripheral vascular: Patient denies pain,

Corporate Social and Environmental Disclosures †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Social and Environmental Disclosures. Answer: Introduction: The primary key insights in this research propose the importance of paying close attention to aspects pertaining climate change and the trend of emissions behavior as well as the significance of interdisciplinary standpoints in environmental and social accounting. The perspectives on challenges intricated in carbon dioxide and GHG accounting are based on information gained from Air New Zealand. This involves exploring aviation in the tourism sector and looking into GHG national inventories of New Zealand. According to Dargay et al (cited in Markus et al. 2011, p. 952) both vehicle and planes ownership is estimated to be on the rise by 65% to 85%, thus likely to increase the emission of carbon dioxide globally. The estimated increase in the vehicle production in India and China may make it difficult to reduce the carbon dioxide emission over the years. The aviation industry, on the other hand, estimates a passenger growth of 4.9% annually (Airbus, cited in Markus et al. 2011, p.952) t hus increasing fuel usage. Despite efforts to reduce fuel burn in aviation, the increasing capacity of passengers, has led to more fuel usage thus more carbon dioxide emissions expected. When comparing the rates of fuel efficiency between the motor vehicles and the aviation industry, more carbon dioxide emissions are released when flying annually as compared to motor vehicles. This is due to the fact that the distance covered in the air is longer as compared to driving in the same period. There have been controversial measures of curbing emissions in Air New Zealand such as employing carbon tax. However, this seems not to favor the passengers who are likely to face the increasing costs. Other measures proposed include fuel switching, opting for renewable energy and increase in sequestration of carbon through tree planting. However, according to Milne, (cited in Smith and Rodger 2009), these methods are still not the best option since when it comes to carbon offsetting, people often overlook the idea that time difference plays a major role in emissions. The other aspect is the accounting of GHG in New Zealand. Other GHG emissions in New Zealand come from forestry and agriculture sector (Hannigan 2006). New Zealand shows its commitment through the Kyoto plan on carbon emissions. From the liability analysis in Kyoto, fluctuation in the liability provision is as a result of changes in the carbon production rather than fluctuations in the price. However, aviation emissions are not included in the Kyoto Protocol as a result not included in taxes involving domestic emissions. The Kyoto agreement stipulates on how to estimate emissions nationally in New Zealand in all sectors thus analyze carbon accounting. Finally, the paper encompasses the different meanings attributed to carbon accounting by various people and communities in all the aspects including political, social, environment, financial and physical. Role of Accounting Academics in Climate Change There is a high need for accounting academics to take part in climate change accounting research due to the increasing rate in which carbon emissions are experienced. The need to carry out urgent research on the Kyoto policies on emissions and give a clear audit of what the compliance scheme. Accounting academics play a significant role in calculating the gross emissions in climate change annually. Targets are calculated on the reductions rate to determine the trend in which climate change takes. Accounting professionals take into account the developing carbon accounting systems and the effects they have. They bring on board the analysis of carbon markets. Climate change accounting is important in calculating the financial stability of organizations in place of carbon emission. This helps to determine the annual costs and annual profits that an organization makes. This plays a significant role in shaping decisions pertaining ways to curb the effects of carbon emissions. When strategizing on plans to deal with emissions in a country, the government needs accounting professionals to regulate and calculate carbon prices in the market, substantial and extent of environmental emissions, the rate of currency exchange and carbon sequestration. These professionals ensure efficiency, accuracy, and clarity in the carbon estimates produced. With that data on future liability estimate, the government can make appropriate plans that realize changes in climate. Calculating potential estimates also helps to plan projects necessary to help in reduction of carbon emissions. Accounting professionals help to develop data that provides information on the leading causes of carbon emissions and its impacts on organizations. A research project to examine the type of projects that attract the attention of media in BHP Billiton relating to environmental issues as well as social issues. This involves looking into the issues relating to the environment that the media targets in this organization. This study aims to look into this organizations projects that receive the most attention from the media and why they do so. The objectives of this study include: According to Deegan et al. (2002), media attention is often due to negative publicity thus this research project will aim to find out the incidents that the media reports on this company. Looking into if the incidents reported are negative social or environmental issues or if the issues are positive. This objective will also involve looking into what annual reports are disclosed to the media. This objective will involve looking into the view of managers on the accountability of the information they report on. Some managers believe that information should be accessible and satisfy the reader regardless of the cost. However, according to Gordon (2011), this view is not the same especially in organizations under a capitalist society The last objective of this research is to find out if BHP has complied with community expectations, especially the community license which is given on compliance with certain social and environmental practices in the organization. This allows the organization to operate. In this research, the aim is to find out the BHP Billiton compliance to the community. The theoretical perspective to this research is based on the legitimacy theory which stipulates a system oriented overview where the organization tends to be affected by the society it operates in and also affects it. When an organization makes its policies, it does so having in mind that it can impact the insights of the broader society. This theory is based on the fact that organizations are part of a broader body, which in this case is the society. It stipulates that an organization only exists on the basis that the society recognizes it as legitimate (Benston 2009). According to Mathews (2000), the organization exists in danger if the society does not approve of their dealings thus an organization is largely dependent on the society. Another theory, surrounding this research is the stakeholder theory that states how organizations should handle stakeholders and the organizations responsibilities. The justification of this study is that it has not been carried out before in this or ganization and it will paint a better perspective of the environment and social aspects in the organization regarding management. The research will adopt the use of primary data through directly interviewing managers in this company. This method provides direct and correct insights from the managers on their take of legitimacy theory in the organization. These methods tend to examine the media attention extent on the issues in the organization both environmental issues and social issues. These methods are expected to show the relation between the media attention and the annual reports disclosed. This research is expected to shed more light on legitimacy theory in organizations and to provide findings on this company that will serve as a reference point in future. Proposed research meets interesting and different characteristics The proposed research meets the interesting and different characteristics stipulated in various ways. First, this research seeks to explore the climate change in relation to the organizations management. Through the research, more light will be shed on how BHP Billiton, accounts for the emissions behavior as well as deal with stakeholders in the organization. Secondly, this research will provide perspectives on the significance of accounting in climate change in the organization. Thirdly, the research incorporates interesting characteristic in providing insights into the challenges faced in BHP Billiton when it comes to climate change and emissions behavior. This research also seeks to establish a program that will lay a future foundation for future findings in accounting in climate change. It seeks to shed light on the legitimacy theory and how the organization is viewed in the society as well as how the society terms an organization legitimate. The research encompasses some interes ting characteristics in that; accounting will be involved to calculate the rates, gross emissions and the occurrence of emissions in the organization well as the reductions and how they have impacted the organization. It is essential to shed light on climate change and realize the implications it has had on the organization. Finally, it is interesting in that a future gap for more exploration in this area as well as unleash the role of accounting in climate change to provide accountability through providing reliable social data and environmental information. References Benston, G., J., (2009) Rejoinder to accounting and corporate accountability: an extended comment, Accounting Organizations and Society, Vol.9 No 3/4, pp.417-20. Craig, D., (2002) Introduction: The legitimising effect of social and environmental disclosures a theoretical foundation, Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, Vol. 15 Issue: 3, pp.282-311, https:// doi.org/10.1108/09513570210435852 Degan, C., Rankin, M and Tobin, J., (2002) An examination of the corporate social and environmental disclosures of BHP from 1983-1997: a test of legitimacy theory,Accounting, Auditing Accountability journal ,Vol.15 No.3,pp.312-43. Gordon, I., (2011) Enhancing students knowledge of social responsibility accounting, Issues in Accounting Education ,Vol.24 No.3,pp.47-56. Hannigan, J., (2006) Environmental Sociology, 2nd ed., Routledge, London. Markus, J., M., Suzana, G., (2011) Climate change accounting research: keeping it interesting and different, Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, Vol. 24 Issue: 8, pp.948-977, https:// doi.org/10.1108/09513571111184715 Mathews, M.,R., (2000) Accounting for macro-social impacts: a new research agenda,Accounting Forum,Vol.24 No.2,pp.187-96. Smith, I., and Rodger, C., (2009) Carbon emission offsets for aviation-generated emissions due to international travel to and from New Zealand, paper presented at the Conference of the National Energy Research Institute, Auckland, New Zealand, Energy Policy, Vol. 37 No. 9, pp. 3438-47.

Michelangelo Essays (426 words) - Renaissance Painters, Michelangelo

Michelangelo Michelangelo, the second of five brothers was born on March 6, 1475, at Caprese, in Tuscany, to Ludovico di Leonardo di Buonarotto Simoni and Francesca Neri. The same day, his father noted down: "Today March 6, 1475, a child of the male sex has been born to me and I have named him Michelangelo. He was born on Monday between 4 and 5 in the morning, at Caprese, where I am the Podest?." When Michelangelo was a child, he met a boy, Francesco Granacci six years older than him, who was learning the art of painting in Ghirlandaio's studio, and Michelangelo found his own artist vocation. Michelangelo's father placed his 13-year-old son in the workshop of the painter Domenico Ghirlandaio. After about two years, Michelangelo went on to study at the sculpture school in the Medici gardens and shortly thereafter was invited into the household of Lorenzo de' Medici, the Magnificent. Michelangelo's studies were: Painting, sculpture and Anatomy of the human body, (for this reason, the quality of his artwork, the perfection of the body in the sculpture and painting). Michelangelo was a very illustrated and intelligent boy, and his father always give him unconditional support. For these reasons, Michelangelo succeed. Michelangelo produced his first large-scale sculpture, the over-life-size Bacchus (1496-98, Bargello, Florence). Piet? at the same time, Michelangelo also did the marble Piet? (1498-1500), still in its original place in Saint Peter's Basilica. One of the most famous works of art, the Pieta was probably finished before Michelangelo was 25 years old. These two artworks of Michelangelo were the first ones and both are great works. While Michelangelo was occupied with the David (1501-1504) he receive a commission, paint a mural, the Battle of Cascina, destined for the Sala dei Cinquecento of the Palazzo Vecchio. With this work, he demonstrates his ability as a painter. In 1505 the Julius II commissioned Michelangelo to produce his tomb which was planned to be the most magnificent of Christian times. In 1508, the pope Paul III had a job for him, painting twelve figures of apostles and some decorations of the Sistine Chapel, and Michelangelo learn the art of the fresco. There are a lot of masterpieces of artwork in his life, but I consider these ones the most important. Michelangelo during his life was an intimate of princess, popes, cardinals, poets and painters. All the work that Michelangelo did, was an expression of the his own world, with a deep feeling. In my own opinion, Michelangelo Buonarroti was a huge human being, he was in the middle of something, he was in the right place, in the right time, and he made the best of the situation.